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What Is Edema?
Edema is a medical term for a type of swelling characterized by fluid build up in tissues. The exact incidence and prevalence are difficult to estimate due to the wide range of factors that can contribute to its development.
Edema can occur in any part of the body, depending on the underlying causes, ranging from local swelling to generalized swelling.
If untreated, edema can lead to infections, ulcers, cardiorenal syndrome, and, in some cases, increase the risk of mortality
What are the symptoms of Edema?
Symptoms of edema include
What are the Causes of Edema?
Edema can be caused by different conditions like
Important Questions
About Edema
Heart failure is a condition that occurs when the heart is not capable of pumping blood as expected. Major symptoms of heart failure include swelling in the lower extremities, difficulty in breathing and fatigue. Heart failure causes an increase in pressure inside the vein and leakage of fluid-electrolyte into space outside the blood vessels, leading to edema. The kidneys play a crucial role in regulating the body's fluid balance and removing waste products from the blood. When the kidneys are not functioning properly they tend to accumulate fluid which leads to edema.
Detailed physical measures for managing edema include compression therapy, elevation of affected limbs, and regular exercise to improve circulation.
Treatment options range from diuretic medications and dietary changes (low sodium) to addressing the underlying cause of the swelling.
Patients can check for 'pitting' by pressing on a swollen area, monitoring weight changes, and using automated screening tools like the Edema Score.
Seek medical attention immediately if swelling is accompanied by chest pain, shortness of breath, or if the swelling is sudden, painful, or localized to one limb.
References
1.Mathur G, et al. Edema India: Executive Summary of Screening, Diagnosis, and Management of Edema. J Assoc Physicians India. 2024 Jul;72(7):68-72
2.Bobkova I, Chebotareva N, Kozlovskaya L et al. Edema in Renal Diseases – Current View on Pathogenesis. Nephrology @ Point of Care 2016; 2(1): e47–e55. Aslesha E. A Review on Edema. RRJPA. 2016;5 (2): 63-70; Lent-Schochet D, Jialal I. Physiology, Edema. [Updated 2023 May 1]. In: StatPearls [Internet]. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing; 2024 Jan-. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK537065/; Accessed on Sep 2024
3.Aslesha E. A Review on Edema. RRJPA. 2016;5 (2): 63-70;
4.Lent-Schochet D, Jialal I. Physiology, Edema. [Updated 2023 May 1]. In: StatPearls [Internet]. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing; 2024 Jan-. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK537065/; Accessed on Sep 2024